Two halves of almost equal weight, but the balance has swung.
Over all four papers, Part E (Entrepreneurship, Units 1–7) carried 238 marks (53%) and Part P (Project Management, Units 8–13) 210 (47%).
Part P led the first two papers (55%, 62%). Part E led the last two (64%, 65%).
Part P sat at 35% in 2025-26, against a 47% average. Read alongside the unit outlook (insight 6), the next paper is likely to lean back towards Project Management.
The heaviest units are Unit 9 Feasibility & Capital Budgeting (75 marks, 17%), Unit 4 Motivation & Design (68, 15%), Unit 2 Innovation (63, 14%) and Unit 8 Project Management basics (54, 12%). Weight swings a lot between papers (L15):
Unit 9 ranged 5% → 32%, Unit 1 0% → 26%, Unit 10 1% → 21% and Unit 8 0% → 20%.
Units 6, 7, 12 and 13 have been almost silent (1, 1, 8 and 0 marks), but they are syllabus, so they're still prepared.
This subject is syllabus-driven. Syllabus topics carried 425 marks (95%), and the four PYQ+ topics only 23 (5%). That's very different from Cyber's joint paper. Studying the syllabus properly covers nearly the whole paper.
MAKAUT re-asks heavily, and more so recently.
2024-25 re-asked 14 of 25 questions (46% of its marks) from earlier papers, and 2025-26 re-asked 12 of 24 (43%).
There are 19 repeated families. WBS (F-10.3-01) appeared in 4/4 papers, and PERT (11.6) was asked in every paper.
The 2022-23 payback numerical came back word for word in 2024-25.
Long theory answers decide the score.
"Theory" questions carry 62% of all marks and "Process" (steps/stages) 10%.
Numericals are only 5 questions, 22 marks (5%): the payback numericals plus 1-mark network-time questions.
Floats, crashing and time–cost trade-off have never been asked.
The essay-length topics (2.5, 8.4, 1.6, 4.6, 3.3, 4.1, 8.3, 9.8, 5.3) are where the marks are.
Unit weight rotates, and the back-test is strong here (L25): 19 of 20 calls correct (95%).Next-exam outlook:
↑ likely UP: Unit 10 Project Planning (1% last paper vs a 7% average), Unit 11 Scheduling & Costing (5% vs 9%), Unit 3 Idea Incubation (absent last paper) and Unit 13 MS-Project (never asked, so this is the rule's default rather than a real signal).
↓ likely DOWN: Unit 1 (26% last paper vs 11%) and Unit 2 (18% vs 14%).
→ steady: Units 4–9 and 12.
Caveats are below: with 13 small units and 15-mark questions, big swings make the rule look better than it is.
A small core goes a long way.
11 topics → 50%, 17 → 70%, 23 → 80% and 31 → 90% of all marks (out of 63).
15 topics have never been asked (14 tier C + 13.1). Most are planning/scheduling fundamentals (10.1, 10.2, 10.5, 11.5, 11.7, 12.1, 12.2), and those sit in the units expected to rise.
Learn the canonical answers (Part A of question_bank.md). Practise the payback numerical (F-9.7-01) until it's automatic: even and uneven cash flows.
Memorise the Group A one-liners that keep returning (topics 1.1, 4.3, 5.6, 8.2, 9.7, 10.3, 11.3): the definitions of entrepreneurship, PM and WBS, what CPM/PERT stand for, design thinking, the institution full forms (SISI, KVIC, DGFT, SIDBI, SSI), the PI/NPV accept rule and the LF/ES shortcut.
Rotation tilt for the next exam (L25, strong back-test, applied with the caveat below): within every tier, take the ↑ units first.
Unit 10: after 10.3 (S) and 10.4 OBS (A), do 10.1 importance & steps, 10.2 scope and 10.5 phased planning (C, never asked) ahead of other C topics.
Unit 11: after 11.6 and 11.3 (S), do 11.4 critical path, 11.2 network basics and 11.1 Gantt (B). Then do 11.5 floats and 11.7 crashing / time–cost trade-off (C). They're never asked but syllabus-explicit and numerical, so they're due.
Unit 3: 3.3 and 3.4 (A) → 3.6 (B) → 3.1, 3.2, 3.5 (C).
Units 1 and 2 (↓): still do all their S/A topics. "Likely down" means less space, not zero.
Then the rest of tier A, then B (the rest of Units 5, 9 and 11).
Two-paper topics in A: 1.6, 9.7, 3.4.
One-off long questions in A: 4.6, 4.1, 8.3, 9.8, 3.3, plus 5.3, which also has a 1-marker.
Then tier C (never asked yet). It's prepared from the syllabus to the same standard, because anything in the syllabus can appear (L4).
Full-marks standard (L23): the order above is priority, not a cut-off. The goal is that every question the paper can offer, including all choices, is answerable.
Rendered by tools/analyze.py. Basis: 4 counted papers (CORE + R-OLD) · mode STANDARD · marks = printed paper marks incl. all choices (448 in total, 112 · 112 · 112 · 112 per paper).
# Unit importance (historical evidence, NOT a fixed weightage: L15)
Unit
Title
Topics
Asked topics
Questions
Papers asked in
Marks (all yrs)
Avg % of paper
Range across years
Rank
1
Introduction
6
5
13
3/4
48
11%
0% – 26%
5
2
Entrepreneurship – An Innovation
5
4
11
4/4
63
14%
4% – 19%
3
3
Idea Incubation
6
3
5
3/4
27
6%
0% – 15%
9
4
Entrepreneurial Motivation
6
6
13
4/4
68
15%
7% – 24%
2
5
Information
6
5
8
3/4
30
7%
0% – 15%
8
6
Closing the Window
2
1
1
1/4
1
0%
0% – 1%
11
7
Applications and Project Reports Preparation
1
1
1
1/4
1
0%
0% – 1%
12
8
Project Management
4
4
10
3/4
54
12%
0% – 20%
4
9
Project Feasibility Studies
8
8
15
4/4
75
17%
5% – 32%
1
10
Project Planning
5
2
7
4/4
31
7%
1% – 21%
7
11
Project Scheduling and Costing
8
6
18
4/4
42
9%
5% – 20%
6
12
Project Monitoring and Control
5
3
4
2/4
8
2%
0% – 6%
10
13
Case Studies with Hands-on Training on MS-Project
1
0
0
0/4
0
0%
0% – 0%
13
# Unit volatility: marks per unit in each paper (% of that paper)
Unit
2022-23
2023-24
2024-25
2025-26
1
–
17 (15%)
2 (2%)
29 (26%)
2
17 (15%)
5 (4%)
21 (19%)
20 (18%)
3
17 (15%)
5 (4%)
5 (4%)
–
4
16 (14%)
8 (7%)
27 (24%)
17 (15%)
5
–
8 (7%)
17 (15%)
5 (4%)
6
–
–
–
1 (1%)
7
–
–
–
1 (1%)
8
17 (15%)
–
22 (20%)
15 (13%)
9
36 (32%)
17 (15%)
6 (5%)
16 (14%)
10
1 (1%)
23 (21%)
6 (5%)
1 (1%)
11
8 (7%)
22 (20%)
6 (5%)
6 (5%)
12
–
7 (6%)
–
1 (1%)
13
–
–
–
–
# Part roll-up (units grouped into the curriculum's printed parts)
Part
Units
Topics
Asked topics
Marks (all yrs)
Avg % of paper
2022-23
2023-24
2024-25
2025-26
E · Entrepreneurship
1–7
32
25
238
53%
45%
38%
64%
65%
P · Project Management
8–13
31
23
210
47%
55%
62%
36%
35%
# Unit rotation check (L25): does a heavy unit drop next year, and a light unit rise?
Rule tested: a unit more than 3 points above its average share → expect it to go DOWN in the next paper; more than 3 below → expect UP. ✓ = it happened, ✗ = it didn't.
Unit
Avg share
2022-23 → 2023-24
2023-24 → 2024-25
2024-25 → 2025-26
1
11%
0%→15% · expected ↑ ✓
15%→2% · expected ↓ ✓
2%→26% · expected ↑ ✓
2
14%
15%→4% (steady, no call)
4%→19% · expected ↑ ✓
19%→18% · expected ↓ ✓
3
6%
15%→4% · expected ↓ ✓
4%→4% (steady, no call)
4%→0% (steady, no call)
4
15%
14%→7% (steady, no call)
7%→24% · expected ↑ ✓
24%→15% · expected ↓ ✓
5
7%
0%→7% · expected ↑ ✓
7%→15% (steady, no call)
15%→4% · expected ↓ ✓
6
0%
0%→0% (steady, no call)
0%→0% (steady, no call)
0%→1% (steady, no call)
7
0%
0%→0% (steady, no call)
0%→0% (steady, no call)
0%→1% (steady, no call)
8
12%
15%→0% · expected ↓ ✓
0%→20% · expected ↑ ✓
20%→13% · expected ↓ ✓
9
17%
32%→15% · expected ↓ ✓
15%→5% (steady, no call)
5%→14% · expected ↑ ✓
10
7%
1%→21% · expected ↑ ✓
21%→5% · expected ↓ ✓
5%→1% (steady, no call)
11
9%
7%→20% (steady, no call)
20%→5% · expected ↓ ✓
5%→5% · expected ↑ ✗
12
2%
0%→6% (steady, no call)
6%→0% · expected ↓ ✓
0%→1% (steady, no call)
13
0%
0%→0% (steady, no call)
0%→0% (steady, no call)
0%→0% (steady, no call)
Back-test: 19 of 20 calls correct (95%): the rotation pattern holds strongly in this subject's papers. Caveat: the average includes the years being tested, so with few papers this flatters the hit rate a little.
# Next-exam unit outlook (L25: from the latest paper, 2025-26, vs each unit's average)
Unit
Title
Avg share
Latest share
Gap
Outlook for next exam
1
Introduction
11%
26%
+15.2 pts
↓ likely DOWN
2
Entrepreneurship – An Innovation
14%
18%
+3.8 pts
↓ likely DOWN
3
Idea Incubation
6%
0%
-6.0 pts
↑ likely UP (absent last paper)
4
Entrepreneurial Motivation
15%
15%
+0.0 pts
→ steady
5
Information
7%
4%
-2.2 pts
→ steady
6
Closing the Window
0%
1%
+0.7 pts
→ steady
7
Applications and Project Reports Preparation
0%
1%
+0.7 pts
→ steady
8
Project Management
12%
13%
+1.3 pts
→ steady
9
Project Feasibility Studies
17%
14%
-2.5 pts
→ steady
10
Project Planning
7%
1%
-6.0 pts
↑ likely UP
11
Project Scheduling and Costing
9%
5%
-4.0 pts
↑ likely UP
12
Project Monitoring and Control
2%
1%
-0.9 pts
→ steady
13
Case Studies with Hands-on Training on MS-Project
0%
0%
+0.0 pts
↑ likely UP (absent last paper)
Outlook = priority tilt only. Every unit is still fully prepared (L15, L23): MAKAUT's split stays partly random, and confidence in the tilt follows the back-test above (95% on 20 calls).
11 topics → 50% of all marks · 17 topics → 70% of all marks · 23 topics → 80% of all marks · 31 topics → 90% of all marks (out of 63 topics). Historical only; every unit's floor topics still apply (L15).
Rendered by tools/analyze.py. Columns per evidence class are kept separate (L9); – = no papers of that class.
Flags:floor↑ promoted by the per-unit floor (L15) · ⚡facts asked as 1–2-mark facts in ≥2 papers · recent asked in the latest paper · +sec also appears as a secondary part of another topic's question.
2022-23 A·1(IV) [1]: Define Work breakdown structure
2023-24 C·9(a) [10]: Define WBS ? Explain with an example the development of work breakdown structure in project management.
2024-25 A·1(XII) [1]: Define Work breakdown structure.
2025-26 A·1(IX) [1]: What do you mean by Work Breakdown Structure?
F-2.5-01 (2.5) · What are the qualities / characteristics of a prospective (successful) entrepreneur? · 3/4 papers
2022-23 A·1(VIII) [1]: _________________ is one of the qualities of a prospective entrepreneur
2024-25 C·9 [15]: Discuss the qualities of a prospective entrepreneur.
2025-26 C·8 [15]: Discuss the characteristics of successful Entrepreneurs.
F-8.4-01 (8.4) · What is the project life cycle? Explain its phases with a chart. · 3/4 papers
2022-23 B·4 [5]: What are the 5 phases of project life cycle . Draw the chart
2024-25 A·1(VI) [1]: What is Project Life Cycle?
2024-25 B·3 [5]: Discuss the 5 phases of project life cycle with the help of a chart.
2025-26 C·10 [15]: Discuss the phases of Project Life Cycle.
F-2.2-01 (2.2) · Explain innovation management: its concept, importance and steps. · 3/4 papers
2022-23 C·8(a) [5]: Write about Steps of innovation management
2024-25 B·2 [5]: Briefly explain the steps in innovation management.
2025-26 B·3 [5]: Explain the concept and importance of innovative management.
F-4.2-01 (4.2) · Explain McClelland's (achievement) motivation theory of entrepreneurs. · 3/4 papers
2023-24 C·10(a) [8]: Explain the motivational theory of McClelland and what do you mean by sustainable competitive advantage?
2024-25 C·11(b) [5]: Explain theory of McClelland in motivating entrepreneurs.
2025-26 A·1(V) [1]: Theory of High Achievement Motivation is given by.......
F-2.4-01 (2.4) · What is divergent and convergent thinking (and how do they differ)? · 3/4 papers
2022-23 C·8(c) [7]: Discuss divergent and convergent system
2023-24 C·8(c) [5]: What is divergent and convergent thinking?
2024-25 A·1(II) [1]: What is convergent thinking?
F-11.6-01 (11.6) · What is PERT (other name, analysis, applications)? · 3/4 papers
2022-23 A·1(XII) [1]: PERT is also known as ________________
2023-24 C·7(a) [5]: What do you mean by PERT Analysis and CPM in respect of project management techniques?
2025-26 B·4 [5]: What is PERT? Give a few examples of applications of PERT.
F-1.1-01 (1.1) · What is entrepreneurship / who is an entrepreneur? · 3/4 papers
2023-24 C·8(a) [5]: What do you mean by entrepreneurship?
2024-25 A·1(I) [1]: What is entrepreneurship?
2025-26 A·1(I) [1]: What do you mean by entrepreneurship?
2025-26 A·1(II) [1]: Who is an entrepreneur?
F-11.3-02 (11.3) · What is CPM / what does CPM stand for? · 3/4 papers
2023-24 A·1(VI) [1]: CPM stands for ______.
2023-24 C·7(a) [5]: What do you mean by PERT Analysis and CPM in respect of project management techniques?
2024-25 A·1(VII) [1]: What is CPM?
2025-26 A·1(IV) [1]: CPM stands for.....
F-9.7-01 (9.7) · Numerical: calculate the payback period of a project (even and uneven cash flows). · 2/4 papers
2022-23 C·7(a) [7]: Company C is planning to undertake a project requiring initial investment of $105 million. The project is expected to generate $25 million per year in net cash flows for 7 years. Calculate the payback period of the project.
2022-23 C·7(b) [8]: Company C is planning to undertake another project requiring initial investment of $50 million and is expected to generate $10 million net cash flow in Year 1, $13 million in Year 2, $16 million in year 3, $19 million in Year 4 and $22 million in Year 5. Calculate the payback value of the project.
2024-25 B·4 [5]: Company C is planning to undertake a project requiring initial investment of $105 million. The project is expected to generate $25 million per year in net cash flows for 7 years. Calculate the payback period of the project.
F-11.6-02 (11.6) · Differentiate PERT and CPM. · 2/4 papers
2022-23 B·6 [5]: Difference between PERT and CPM
2024-25 B·6 [5]: Difference between PERT and CPM.
F-3.4-01 (3.4) · What is a blue ocean strategy? · 2/4 papers
2023-24 C·9(b) [5]: What is Blue Ocean strategy ?
2024-25 C·8(a) [5]: What is a blue ocean strategy?
F-9.2-01 (9.2) · What is a feasibility study, and how is it conducted? · 2/4 papers
2022-23 C·11(b) [5]: Discuss feasibility studies
2023-24 B·4 [5]: What do you mean by feasibility of a Project ? How the feasibility study is conducted before starting a project.
F-6.1-01 (6.1) · How does an entrepreneur sustain / maintain competitive advantage? · 2/4 papers
2023-24 C·10(a) [8]: Explain the motivational theory of McClelland and what do you mean by sustainable competitive advantage?
2025-26 A·1(VII) [1]: What should an entrepreneur do to maintain competitive advantage? Mention 1 point only.
F-4.3-01 (4.3) · What is design thinking (and its principles/stages)? · 2/4 papers
2024-25 A·1(IX) [1]: What is design thinking?
2024-25 C·8(b) [5]: What are the 5 principles of design thinking?
2025-26 A·1(XI) [1]: What is design thinking?
F-9.3-01 (9.3) · What are the contents / format of a (detailed) project report? · 2/4 papers
2022-23 C·11(c) [5]: What are the contents of a detailed project report.
2025-26 A·1(VIII) [1]: What is the format to write a project report?
F-11.3-01 (11.3) · Network time values: define or compute Late Finish / Earliest Start. · 2/4 papers
2022-23 A·1(VII) [1]: Define Late Finish (LF)
2023-24 A·1(I) [1]: Activities P, Q, and R instantly follow activity M, and their current starting times are 12, 19, and 10. So, what is the latest finishing time for activity M?
2023-24 A·1(X) [1]: Activities A, B, and C are the immediate predecessors for Y activity. If the earliest finishing time for the three activities are 12, 15, and 10, then what will be the earliest starting time for Y?
4 papers → MEDIUM confidence. One appearance = 25%, so a single paper can move a topic a whole tier.
The per-unit floor (L15) promotes 8 topics to A because the syllabus has 13 small units: 4.3, 5.5, 6.1, 7.1, 10.4, 12.4, 12.5, 13.1. Four of these rest on thin evidence:
6.1 has 1 mark, plus presence through a split question.
7.1 has one 1-mark question.
12.4 has two 1-mark questions.
13.1 has never been asked (the rule promotes a unit's first topic).
This is the inflation flagged at CP0, and it's why tier A has 17 topics. See CP3 question 2.
Marks go to the primary topic only.
2023-24 10(a) [8, split unknown] gives all 8 marks to 4.2 McClelland. 6.1 competitive advantage gets presence only, which is why 6.1 shows 1 mark but 2/4 papers.
Repeats inside one paper count twice in marks. In 2023-24, WBS development (9(a) [10] + 11(a) [8]) and risk mitigation (8(b) [5] + 10(b) [7]) were each printed twice. This lifts 10.3 and 1.6 marks, but not their paper counts.
Rotation outlook = a tendency, not a law.
95% on 20 calls is the strongest back-test so far, but it's flattered:
with 13 small units and 15-mark questions, a unit that gets one long question jumps far above its average and almost always falls back next time;
the average includes the years being tested.
The one miss: Unit 11 was expected to rise in 2025-26 but stayed at 5%. That makes its expected rise more overdue, but not certain.
The outlook only reorders priority. Every unit is still fully prepared (L15, L23).
Part roll-up: the Part E/P swing (45 → 38 → 64 → 65% for E) is shown for orientation. No separate rule is applied to parts. The unit outlook already points to Units 10 and 11 (Part P).
Misprints and unclear items: 2024-25 1(VIII) "NPV > 1" (correct rule NPV > 0) and 2023-24 1(XI) "NSTC" (expansion uncertain). They're counted as printed, and the notes will handle them honestly.
No older-scheme or related papers exist for this subject, so only the 4 current-scheme papers are counted.
Suggestion list (added after CP4, L28): the founder's "IMP PME Suggestions" list only widened the blueprint's angles. Nothing in this analysis changed, because it is never counted. It has no prompts on Unit 4 or Unit 13, or on 1.2, 1.3, 5.4, 5.5, 9.1, 10.4, 11.3 and 12.5, yet several of these are S/A here (4.2 S; 4.1, 4.3, 4.6, 5.5, 12.5, 13.1 A). Don't read the list's silence as "not important".
# CP3 decisions (founder, 2026-10-22: "CP3 approved", with no changes to the proposals)
The unit/topic picture stands as rendered.
Floor for tiny units: keep the locked floor (L15) as is, the recommended option. 8 promotions, tier A = 17. No rule change.
11.3 CPM and 1.1 Entrepreneurship stay S (same S rule as Cyber).
No extra founder insight was added; the analysis stands as rendered.